Wiki source code of Technical details

Version 68.1 by lzehl on 2021/06/24 19:11
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lzehl 4.1 4 openMINDS is designed as modular as possible, in order to facilitate extensions and maintenance of existing, as well as development and integration of new metadata models and schemas. The layout and technical requirements for this modularity are described below.
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lzehl 4.1 7 In parallel, openMINDS tries to consider the various programming skills present in the neuroscience research community. For this reason, openMINDS established an integration pipeline which gradually increases the level of technical detail: starting from a user-friendly, lightweight schema template and ending with established, highly technical metadata schema formats (e.g., JSON-Schema).
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lzehl 8.1 10 Please find below a documentation of the layout and requirements needed to keep the openMINDS modularity, the syntax of the openMINDS schema template, as well as the openMINDS integration pipeline.
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lzehl 42.1 13 === The openMINDS umbrella ===
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lzehl 8.1 16 In summary, openMINDS is the overall umbrella for a set of distributed GitHub repositories, each defining a particular metadata model for neuroscience research products.
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lzehl 49.1 19 The main (or central) [[openMINDS GitHub repository>>https://github.com/HumanBrainProject/openMINDS||rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"]] ingests all these GitHub repositories as [[git-submodules>>https://git-scm.com/docs/git-submodule||rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"]]. Furthermore it stores the openMINDS vocabulary (**##vocab##**), providing general definitions and references for **types** and **properties** used in schemas across all openMINDS repositories (cf. below). And last but not least, it holds the schema representations for all supported metadata formats created by the openMINDS integration pipeline (cf. below).
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22 For this to work smoothly for the existing, but also for all new openMINDS metadata models, the corresponding openMINDS submodules (GitHub repositories) have to meet the following requirements:
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25 **(1)** The openMINDS metadata model has to be located on a **public GitHub repository** and published under an **MIT license**.
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lzehl 53.1 28 **(2)** The GitHub repository should have at least one **version branch** (e.g., "v1").
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31 **(3)** The version branch should have the following **main directory folders**: **##schemas##** (required), **##tests##** (recommended),  **##examples##** (recommended), and **##img##** (optional).
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lzehl 53.1 34 **(4)** The **##schemas##** folder should contain the schemas of that metadata model implemented in the **openMINDS schema template syntax** (cf. below). The directory of the schemas can be further structured or flat.
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lzehl 55.1 37 **(5)** The **##tests##** folder should contain test-instances (JSON-LDs) for the schemas in a flat directory. The file names for these test-instances should follow the convention of
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40 **##<<XXX>>-<<YYY>>.jsonld##**
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lzehl 55.1 43 for files that should pass the tests, and
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46 **##<<XXX>>-<<YYY>>-nok.jsonld##**
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49 for files that should fail the test. In both cases, **##<<XXX>>##** should be replaced with the label of the schema that is tested, and **##<<YYY>>##** with a user defined label for what aspect is tested (e.g., **##person-withoutCI.jsonld##**).
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lzehl 54.1 52 **(6)** The **##examples##** folder should contain examples for valid instance collections for that metadata model. Each example should receive its own directory (folder) with a **##README.md##** describing the example, and an **##metadataCollection##** subfolder containing the openMINDS instances (JSON-LDs). This subfolder can be further structured or flat.
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55 **(7)** The **##img##** folder should contain image files used on that GitHub repository (e.g., the logo of the new openMINDS metadata model). The directory of the images can be further structured or flat.
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lzehl 43.1 57 === The openMINDS vocabulary ===
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lzehl 49.1 60 Through the integration pipeline of the openMINDS generator, the openMINDS vocabulary is automatically gathered and stored in the main openMINDS GitHub in order to centrally maintain general definitions and references for **types** and **properties** used in schemas across all openMINDS repositories. How this works is explained in the following.
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lzehl 58.1 63 Schema types and properties are stored in dedicated JSON files (**##types.json##** and **##properties.json##**) under the folder **##vocab##** located in the main openMINDS GitHub directory. Each schema type and property occurring in the openMINDS metadata models is automatically represented in those files as nested dictionaries. Here a cutout of the **##types.json##**:
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lzehl 57.1 65 {{code language="json"}}
lzehl 56.1 66 {
67 ...,
68 "https://openminds.ebrains.eu/core/Person": {
lzehl 58.1 69 "description": "Structured information on a person (alive or dead).",
lzehl 56.1 70 "name": "Person",
71 "translatableTo": [
72 "https://schema.org/Person"
73 ]
74 },
75 ...
76 }
77 {{/code}}
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lzehl 59.1 79 ... and a cutout of the **##properties.json##**:
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lzehl 57.1 81 {{code language="json"}}
82 {
83 ...,
84 "givenName": {
85 "description": "Name given to a person, including all potential middle names, but excluding the family name.",
86 "name": "Given name",
87 "nameForReverseLink": "Is given name of",
88 "sameAs": [
89 "https://schema.org/givenName"
90 ],
91 "schemas": [
92 "core/v3/actors/person.schema.tpl.json"
93 ]
94 },
95 ...
96 }
97 {{/code}}
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lzehl 60.1 100 The keywords of those nested dictionaries are pre-defined to consistently capture for all schema types and properties their namespace, their occurrence (cf. **##"schemas"##** in **##properties.json##**), their general description (cf. **##"description"##** in **##types.json##** and **##properties.json##**), and possible references to related or matching schema types (cf. **##"translatableTo"##** in **##types.json##**) and properties (cf. **##""sameAs""##** in **##properties.json##**) of other metadata initiatives (e.g., schema.org).
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lzehl 60.1 103 This setup also allows us to define some values/entries to be automatically filled in by the openMINDS integration pipeline with each commit to one of the openMINDS repositories (**##"name"##**, **##"schemas"##**) and others to be manually editable later on (**##"description"##**, **##"translatableTo"##**, **##"sameAs"##**, **##"nameForReverseLink"##**).
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lzehl 52.1 106 For security, outdated entries in those openMINDS vocabulary files (e.g., because the namespace of the schema type or property changed or the schema type or property was deleted) are not automatically deleted, but kept and marked as being deprecated. After evaluation, deprecated schema types or properties can be deleted manually from openMINDS vocabulary.
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lzehl 50.1 109 With that, the openMINDS vocab reflects always an up-to-date status of the schema types and properties in use across all openMINDS metadata models, while providing the opportunity to centrally review and maintain their consistency and references.
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lzehl 7.1 111 === The openMINDS schema template syntax ===
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lzehl 68.1 114 All openMINDS metadata models are defined using a light-weighted schema template syntax. Although this schema template syntax is inspired by JSON-Schema, it outsources most schema technicalities to be handled in the openMINDS integration pipeline, making the openMINDS schemas more human-readable, especially for untrained eyes.
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lzehl 68.1 117 The few remaining customized technical properties which need additional interpretation or translation to a formal schema languages (e.g. JSON-Schema) have an underscore as prefix (e.g., **##"_type"##**). Within the openMINDS integration pipeline (cf. below), the schema template syntax is interpreted, extended and flexibly translated to various formal schema languages. All further specifications of the openMINDS schema template syntax are described below.
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lzehl 67.1 120 All openMINDS schemas need to have the extension **##.schema.tpl.json##** and each schema is defined as a nested associative array (dictionary) with the following conceptual structure:
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lzehl 67.1 122 {{code language="json"}}
123 {
124 "_type": "https://openminds.ebrains.eu/LABEL_OF_METADATA_MODEL/SCHEMA_NAME",
125 "properties": {
126 "PROPERTY_NAME": {
127 "type": "DATA_TYPE",
128 "_instruction": "METADATA_ENTRY_INSTRUCTION"
129 },
130 "required": [
131 "PROPERTY_NAME"
132 ]
133 }
134 {{/code}}
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lzehl 68.1 137 **##"_type"##** defines the schema type (or namespace) with the depicted naming convention, where the label of the respective openMINDS metadata model (e.g., **##"core"##**) and the schema name (format: UpperCamelCase; e.g. **##"Person"##**) have to be specified. Obviously, the schema name should be meaningful and provide some insides into what metadata content the schema covers.
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lzehl 68.1 140 Under **##"properties"##** a nested associative array is defined, where each key defines the property name (format: lowerCamelCase; e.g. **##"givenName"##**). The corresponding value is again a nested associative array defining the expected data **##"type"##** (cf. below) and the **##"_instructions"##** for entering the correct metadata for the respective property.
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143 Under **##"required"##** a list of property names can be provided that are obligatory to be present in a correctly instantiated metadata instance of the respective schema. If none of the properties are required, this key-value pair does not have to be specified.
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146 Now, depending on the expected data type additional constraints can be made for the metadata entry of a respective property. Currently, the openMINDS schema template syntax supports the following data types: **##"string"##**, ##**"integer"##**, **##"float"##**, **##"boolean"##**, **##"array"##** and **##"object"##**.
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lzehl 6.1 148 === The openMINDS integration pipeline ===
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lzehl 61.1 150 (//**coming soon**//) If you'd like to learn more about the openMINDS integration pipeline, especially if you'd like to contribute to it, please get in touch with us (the openMINDS development team) via the issues on the openMINDS or openMINDS_generator GitHub or the support email: openminds@ebrains.eu
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